Substitutions

Baking Powder

For 1 teaspoon of baking power, use one of these:
1 tablespoon flour OR 1 teaspoon corn starch

Bread Crumbs

If you don't have bread crumbs,  use cracker crumbs OR ground oats.  

Brown Sugar

You can replace 1 cup of brown sugar with:
1 cup white sugar OR 1 1/4 cups confectioner's sugar

Butter (salted)

1 cup of butter (salted) can be replaced with:
1 cup shortening and 1/2 teaspoon salt OR 7/8 cup vegetable oil and 1/2 teaspoon salt

Buttermilk

Don't have buttermilk?  For 1 cup , try:
1 tablespoon lemon juice OR vinegar PLUS 1 cup milk

Corn Syrup

For 1 cup of corn syrup, try:
1 1/4 cups white sugar & 1/3 cup water OR
1 cup honey

Cottage Cheese

For 1 cup cottage cheese, try 1 cup ricotta cheese.

Evaporated Milk

1 cup evaporated Milk can be substituted with 1 cup light cream.

Fat for Baking

To replace 1 cup fat for baking, use:
1 cup applesauce OR 1 cup fruit puree

Garlic

For 1 clove of garlic, try:
1/8 teaspoon garlic powder OR 1/2 teaspoon garlic salt (reduce salt in recipe)

Hot Pepper Sauce

3/4 teaspoon cayenne pepper & 1 teaspoon vinegar can be used to replace 1 teaspoon hot pepper sauce.

Ketchup

For 1 cup of ketchup, use:
1 cup tomato sauce, 1 teaspoon vinegar & 1 tablespoon sugar

Lemon Juice

A good substitution for 1 teaspoon lemon juice is:
1/2 teaspoon vinegar OR 1 teaspoon lime juice

Mayonnaise

1 cup mayonnaise = 1 cup sour cream OR 1 cup yogurt

Self-Rising Flour

Replace 1 cup self-rising flour with: 
7/8 cup flour, 1 1/2 teaspoons baking powder, and 1/2 teaspoon salt

Sour Cream

Good substitutions for 1 cup of sour cream:
1 cup plain yogurt 
OR mix 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar with enough cream to make 1 cup 
OR mix 3/4 cup buttermilk with 1/3 cup margarine

Vinegar

1 teaspoon vinegar can be replaced with:
1 teaspoon lemon juice OR 1 teaspoon lime juice

Whole Milk

For 1 cup whole milk, substitute:
1/4 cup dry milk powder plus1 cup water OR 2/3 cup evaporated milk plus 1/3 cup water